关于这个问题,我在几大PT站点的美剧留言里已经看到不少人提问.
今天偶整理了些说明来解答下, 如有错误疏漏之处，欢迎各位大大指正.
问题： 为什么常见的标准单集美剧从最近开始不再是固定在1.09G左右，而且同一部剧集每一集容量都不一样了呢?
答： 这是因为 Scene 的关于压制方法的部分规则前段时间更新了.
举例：2011-06-12 新版scene规则实行前更新的
冰与火之歌 Game.of.Thrones.S01E09.720p.HDTV.CRF.x264-IMMERSE1.59 GB
[ Game.of.Thrones.S01E09.720p.HDTV.CRF.x264-IMMERSE ] [ one.pass.encodes.not.allowed ]
什么是CRF? 什么是2 pass ? 什么是one pass ?
如果对视频压制有所了解或接触过的人就比较容易理解了.
不清楚CRF具体含义？别急,继续往下看(不想看英文的跳过这段也没关系).
CRF? What is it good for? Absolutely everything
UnlikeXviDthathasno real constant rate factor unless you are doingfull
firstpassonlythex264 codec offers us a great option called CRF. Whatit
meansisconstant quality throughout an encode based on CRF value. You areno
longerlimitedby some vague bitrate restriction you let the codec decidefor
you what bitrate is needed without size restrictions. If your source is fullon
action,grainy etc it will get a higher bitrate, if it's a dark action-freeit
will get less. No more obscenely large files for sources that don't need it,no
moreshitqualitycausethesourcedidn'tcompressbutdidmeetthe
bitrate/targetsize. Does anyone really still archives on cdrs/dvdrs? notmany
I would bet so who cares about DVDR/x sizes? If anything with CRF you'd beable
tofitevenmoreeps into your DVD5 cause shows like Grey's Anatomy,House,
In Treatment etc DO NOT need 1120mb sizes but far less
Otherbenefits?sure, right now every live from air x264 group finds themost
cunning ways to pre faster, so the bare minimum within allowed settings is used,
with CRF that can finally change. Settings can be upped, release sizes willfit
the show and not some random bitrate setting. win win
A bit about CRF
https://trac.handbrake.fr/wiki/CRFGuide
ConstantRateFactorwill compress different frames by different amounts.It
does this by taking motion into account. The eye perceives more detail instill
objectsthanwhenthey're in motion. Because of this, a video compressorcan
apply more compression (drop more detail) when things are moving, and apply less
compression (retain more detail) when things are still. Subjectively, thevideo
willseemtohave higher quality. If you were a computer, you would look at a
CRFencodingandsay it was lower quality than the CQP copy. And it would be
Butifyou'reahuman being, subjectively, the CRF copy will look better. It
leastcompressesthe parts you see the most, and most compresses the parts you
seetheleast. When you use a constant rate factor, it varies the QP slightly
Whenascene has a lot of action and motion, it will raise the QP (compressing
more).Thisis because your eye will be distracted by everything going on, and
won'thavethe image on screen for enough time to see the heavier compression
Whena frame doesn't have a lot of motion, it will lower the QP, compressing it
less.This is because your eye will have more time to look at the image, so you
wantittobeasmuchlike the source as possible. When you use CRF you're
saying"usewhateverbitrateisnecessarytopreservethis much detail."
或者大家可以去 Doom9 查看更详细解释.
--------------------------
大致知道CRF是什么东东了吧？ 再来看看2011-06-15起正式实行的最新版本scene规则.
关于720P剧集规则 720p x264 rules, TVx2642k11,
The 720p x264 TV Releasing Standards 2011
...............................................................................
. .
. The 720p x264 TV Releasing Standards 2011 .
...............................................................................
...............................................................................
. Requirements: Notepad with terminal font or any other ascii viewer. .
...............................................................................
. ....[ INTRO ].... .
. .
. Thisstandardaimsto produce consistent quality releases. If consistent .
. release size doesn'tmatter, but consistent quality does, this is for you. .
. .
...............................................................................
...............................................................................
. ....[ RELEASE RULES ].... .
. .
.This document takes effect starting with shows airing from 2011-06-15. .
中间部分是一些具体关于视频、音频等详细规定，略去.
...............................................................................
. The 720p x264 TV Releasing Standards 2011 (2011-06-15) .
. .
...............................................................................
...............................................................................
. .--------[ GROUPS ]--------. .
. .
. TVx2642k11 rules created by the following groups: .
. 该规则由以下小组共同讨论完成
.......................................... ....... .
. aAF BALLS BiA C4TV DiCH DiVERGE FTP IMMERSE .
. KYR LMAO MOMENTUM NGCHD RiVER W4F WHEELS .
. .
...............................................................................
.----\Thanks to the x264+matroska developers for their assistance in/----.
.----\ determining the best mix of encode settings. /----.
附上该规则更新前后各集美剧容量大小对比：
White Collar S03E01 REPACK 720p HDTV x264-CTU 1.09 GB
White Collar S03E02 720p HDTV X264-DIMENSION 892.34 MB
White Collar S03E03 720p HDTV x264-CTU 1.09 GB
White Collar S03E04 720p HDTV X264-DIMENSION890.56 MB
White Collar S03E05 720p HDTV X264-DIMENSION 989.39 MB
再来个版本
Falling.Skies.S01E04.720p.HDTV.x264-ORENJI 1.44 GB
Falling.Skies.S01E05.720p.HDTV.x264-CTU 1.12 GB
Falling.Skies.S01E06.720p.HDTV.x264-IMMERSE 1.46 GB
简单点说就是：Scene 更新了部分规则. 允许采用新的压制方法.最新版本规则从 2011-06-15 起正式实行. 之后大家看到的0day 小组压制的720P的美剧 (准确来说是所有TV 720P的剧集)等都是按照最新Scene Rules来压制.
所以,就算同一个系列美剧如 ”White Collar “ 每集时间几乎相同 , 或同一个0day小组的作品, 容量也不再像以前大家熟知的固定在 1.09G ，而是每集的大小都有差异啦.
由于篇幅限制, 在这附上完整的最新 Scene 720p x264 rules, TVx2642k11
...............................................................................
. .
. The 720p x264 TV Releasing Standards 2011 .
...............................................................................
...............................................................................
. Requirements: Notepad with terminal font or any other ascii viewer. .
...............................................................................
. ....[ INTRO ].... .
. .
. Thisstandardaimsto produce consistent quality releases. If consistent .
. release size doesn'tmatter, but consistent quality does, this is for you. .
. .
...............................................................................
...............................................................................
. ....[ RELEASE RULES ].... .
. .
.This document takes effect starting with shows airing from 2011-06-15. .
. .
. .
.Video: .
. - 1080i/p sources are to be cropped and resized using sharp resizers such .
. asLanczos/Lanczos4,Spline36, or Blackman.Bicubicisbanned. .
. - VideotakenfromthedecodedHDoutputofaset-top box(e.g. .
. component,DVI,HDMI)may be used as a source; source must be tagged .
. indirname as AHDTV. Releases taken from a natively recorded transport .
. streamshallbetagged as HDTV and do not dupe AHDTV releases. AHDTV .
. releases do dupe HDTV. AHDTV captures must be done at the native format .
. of the channel, i.e. 720p or 1080i. .
. - ImpropermethodsofIVTCthatresultinlossof half the fields .
. (SeparateFields.SelectEven,YV12InterlacedSelectTopFields)are banned .
. - ImproperIVTCmethodsthatresultin jerky playback, such as Force .
. Film, are banned .
. - 1080i video sources must be deinterlaced with a smart deinterlacer such .
. as Yadif. FieldDeinterlace is banned. .
. - Groupwatermarksofanykindonthevideowill not be tolerated .
. - Intros,outros,betweenos,oranyotherform of defacement of the .
. episode will not be tolerated .
. - Sourcesthatsideconvert1080ito 720p (such as Bell Expressvu) are .
. banned .
. - Upconvertedsources must not be done as 720p.x264. See notes regarding .
. HR.PDTV.x264. .
. .
.Audio: .
. - Must be original source audio, AC3 if available .
. - Re-encoding/transcoding audio or faking header is forbidden .
. - Dupesbasedon audio format are forbidden and must be tagged INTERNAL .
. - Multi-language audio tracks are not allowed. .
. - Severeaudiodropsresulting in the inability to understand material .
. dialogueisconsideredtobe technically flawed and may be propered .
. - Audiothatis120msormoreout of sync or drifts more than 120ms .
. between any two points (e.g. needing -80 at one and +40 at another)is .
. considered to be technically flawed and may be propered .
. .
.Framerate: .
. - IVTC or deinterlacing must be applied as needed .
. - 50/60fpsvideosuch as live events may be kept at original fps, if it .
. was produced at such high rate (i.e has unique frames) .
. - In rare cases, 25/50Hz sources should be IVTC'd to 24fps. .
. - In rare cases, 30/60Hz sources should be IVTC'd to 25fps. .
. Failure to IVTC is a technical flaw. .
. .
.Codec/Container: .
. - Must be x264 .
. - Must use Matroska (.mkv) for container .
. - x264 version used must be no older than 30 days from the newest revision.
. available on x264.nl .
. - Stripping or falsifying encode information in the file header is banned .
. - Custommuxingtools are permitted; however, output must be compatible .
. withstandarddemuxerstothesameextent that files created with .
. MKVToolnixare. Custom muxers may not excessively pad files; excessive .
. paddingisdefined as more than is used by mkvmerge 4.0.0 with header .
. compression disabled. .
. - Custom Matrices are allowed .
. - Deblockingmustbeused;values are at the discretion of the group. .
. (default is enabled, 0:0 settings) .
. - Minimum medium (default) or higher (--preset) must be used .
. - Encode must not be segmented .
. - Keyframeinterval(--keyint) must be at least 200 and at most 300. It .
. isrecommendedtobe10*framerate(film=240,PAL=250,NTSC=300). .
. - ConstantRateFactor(--crf)must be 20 for low motion shows (e.g..
. documentary, reality, scripted, variety, talk shows). .
. - Constant Rate Factor (--crf)mustbe21-23forhighmotionshows .
. (e.g. sports). values are at the discretion of the group .
. - Allowed parameters for (--tune) are film/grain/animation .
. - Level 4.1 must be respected. .
. - Suggested command line should be: .
. x264.exe --crf 20 --level 4.1 -o out.mkv in.avs .
. .
.Resolution: .
. - Croptoclosestmod2withoutundercropping. Then, if width>1280 or .
. height>720,downscalewith 1:1 SAR to fit in 1280x720. Never upscale, .
. never add borders. .
. - Encoded Video resolution must be within 2% of the original aspect ratio .
. To calculate AR error (%): (Original AR - Release AR)/Original AR * 100 .
. OAR = (SourceWidth-CropLeft-CropRight)/(SourceHeight-CropTop-CropBottom).
. Release AR= EncodedWidth / EncodedHeight .
. .
.Subs: .
. - Optional, but encouraged .
. - text based format is preferred (e.g. SubRip, SubStation Alpha, etc). .
. - Subtitles must be muxed into the MKV. "Subs" directories are forbidden. .
. - Burnedsubtitleswillonlybeallowedwhenthesourceexhibits .
. such subtitles in the picture itself .
. - Multi-languagesubtitlescannotbeusedasabasisforadupe .
. - Group watermarks in subtitles are strictly forbidden. .
. .
.Packaging: .
. - Releases must be packed in RAR file format. .
. - Rars must be in multiples of 50 MB, no more than 99 files .
. 1MB = 1,000,000 bytes .
. - Multi-episodereleaseswith no clear delineation such as credits must .
. not be split .
. - RAR Compression must not be used .
. - Recovery and MD5 record are optional .
. - Encryption or password protection is forbidden .
. - Must have SFV and NFO .
. - RAR, SFV, and sample files must have unique filenames .
. .
.Credits/Previously On: .
. - Itissuggestedthatanypreviouslyon footage be included in the .
. release, but it is not required. .
. - Fullendcreditsmustbeincludedif they contain show content or .
. outtakes/bloopers.Endcreditsareoptionaliftheyare clean or .
. contain promotions for future episodes or other shows. .
. .
.Samples: .
. - REQUIRED! .
. - 50-70 seconds in length andinaseparatefoldermarkedas Sample .
. - Must betakenfromtheepisode, i.e.- not encodedseparately .
. - Streamsamplesarerecommendedforany questionable issue with the .
. source, e.g. no IVTC possible, IVTC to 24.975fps, etc. .
. .
. .
.Propers: .
. - Propersareonlypermittedinthecase of a technical flaw in the .
. original release (e.g. Bad IVTC, Interlacing, missing footage, resizing .
. 720p source, bad crop, commercials, bad x264 settings used, bad source, .
. etc.) .
. - Scrolling messages added by a station (e.g. weather, Amber alerts) must .
. be at least 30 seconds inlengthinordertonuke/proper .
. - Over-or under-cropping by more than 1 pixel is considered a technical .
. flaw, although it is preferable tocropthe1pixelout. .
. - Properreasonmustbe clearly stated in nfo, including timecodes and .
. extent of the flaw when appropriate .
. - Sample of propered release is encouraged .
. - Qualitative propers are not allowed .
. - Flaws(suchasdrops) present in any optional content are not a flaw .
. and shall not be nuked or propered. .
. - Propersbasedupontherulessetforthhereare allowed only on .
. releases that come after this document is made public .
. .
.Internals: .
. - All internals mustconformto TVx2642k11 rules, with the exception of .
. minor known technical issues anddifferent (--crf)parameter. .
. UsingtheINTERNALtagto try and protect a severely flawed release .
. from nukes is forbidden. .
. - UsingINTERNAL.DIRFIXasacheapattemptatavoidinganuke is .
. forbidden.Ifthereleaseis technically flawed, it is still deemed .
. nukablebothbeforeandafteran attempted INTERNAL.DIRFIX and the .
. DIRFIX shall be nuked for fix.for.nuke. .
. .
.Directory Naming: .
. - Show.Name.SXXEXX.Episode.title.720p.HDTV.x264-GROUP .
. Episode title is optional .
. Episode titleisrequiredonsomeshows thatdonthaveSxxExx .
. - Show.Name.PartXX.720p.HDTV.x264-GROUP for miniseries .
. - Show.Name.YYYY-MM-DD.720p.HDTV.x264-GROUP for daily shows .
. Sport: .
. - League.YYYY.MM.DD.Event.EXTRA.TAGS.720p.HDTV.x264-GROUP .
. - Competition.YYYY-MM.Event.EXTRA.TAGS.720p.HDTV.x264-GROUP .
. Usingjusttheyearis only permitted if the event is once per year .
. (e.g. a WWE PPV).Inthe case of leagues which have seasons that span .
. multiple years, it is permissible to tag the release with just the years.
. of the season.Inclusionof MM and DD is mandatory for all constantly .
. running shows (e.g. WWE). .
. The following are some examplesofcorrectdirectorynames: .
. - EPL.2010.01.01.Manchester.United.vs.Arsenal.720p.HDTV.x264-GROUP .
. - TNA.Impact.2010.03.02.720p.HDTV.x264-GROUP .
. - WWE.WrestleMania.2010.PPV.720p.HDTV.x264-GROUP .
. - ALL others are FORBIDDEN. (e.g 0x00 000 EXX.EP.TITLE) .
. - Differentshowsthat have the same title in different countries (e.g. .
. Law & order) musthavetheISO 3166-1 alpha 2country codeinthe .
. directory name,exceptforUKshows (e.g.Law.and.Order.UK not .
. Law.and.Order.GB).ISOcountrycodeneednotapplyto the show's .
. countryoforigin (e.g. Law.and.Order.US is forbidden). .
. - Differentshowswiththesamename and produced in different years .
. musthavetheyearofthefirstseasoninthedirectory name, .
. e.g.Human.Target.2010andDoctor.Who.2005. However,theinitial .
. series does not need a year tag. .
. - The use of audio format tags such as AAC, AC3, and AC3.x.x is FORBIDDEN .
. - READ.NFO is allowed; however, discretion is recommended .
. - PROPER.READ.NFOisNOT allowed. The NFO is REQUIRED to have a reason; .
. therefore, the tag is redundant. .
. - Otherpermittedtags are: PROPER, REPACK, RERIP, REAL, UNCUT, DUBBED, .
. SUBBED, INTERNAL, OAR, PPV .
. - Acceptablecharactersinnamingadirectoryinclude (NO spaces or .
. double dots - single dots ONLY): .
. .
. ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ .
. abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz .
. 0123456789._- .
. .
.Nukes: .
. Releases must be nuked for any of the following reasons: .
. - Any valid proper listed in the propers section .
. - Missing nfo, or missing Sample .
. - Invalid directory naming format .
. - Mislabeleddirectorythatcouldpreventfindingtherelease in a .
. dupecheck,includingincorrect season/episode/date or incorrect title .
. - Dupe .
. .
. .
. Fixes: .
. - Thefollowingfixesareallowed: NFOFix, SampleFix, DirFix, SyncFix .
. - RARandSFVfixesarenotallowed.REPACKyourentire release. .
. - Theoriginalreleaseshallbeunnuked when a valid fix is released .
. - Apropermaynot be released for an issue that was fixed, unless the .
. fix does not completely correct the issue .
. .
...............................................................................
...............................................................................
. ....[ NOTES TO THE RULES ].... .
. .
.HR.PDTV.x264: .
. - HRPDTVx264encodesareallowedfornon-HDshowsairing fully .
. upscaled on HD channels .
. - Croptoclosestmod2withoutundercropping. Then, ifwidth>960 or .
. height>540,downscalewith 1:1 SAR to fit in 960x540.Never upscale, .
. never add borders. .
. - All other standard rules apply .
. .
...............................................................................
...............................................................................
. The 720p x264 TV Releasing Standards 2011 (2011-06-15) .
. .
...............................................................................
...............................................................................
. .--------[ GROUPS ]--------. .
. .
. TVx2642k11 rules created by the following groups: .
. ................................................. .
. aAF BALLS BiA C4TV DiCH DiVERGE FTP IMMERSE .
. KYR LMAO MOMENTUM NGCHD RiVER W4F WHEELS .
. .
...............................................................................
.----\Thanks to the x264+matroska developers for their assistance in/----.
.----\ determining the best mix of encode settings. /----. 感谢楼上的童鞋，长知识了。 就算用的码率一样，也会有大大小小的区别的 因为每集内容不一样
回复 mybmdm 的帖子
我不会做这么无聊的事情的 以前没注意过，现在科普一下也不错
funchow于2011-7-30 06:57补充以下内容：
以前没注意过，现在科普一下也不错 这个可以有。。。。
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